While separation between "family" and single men spaces was common in many countries in Middle East, public spaces and most businesses are now mixed. The restrictions on gender segregation in Saudi Arabia were both cultural and legal. Culturally, the separation of genders in public spaces was deeply rooted in the country's social norms and traditions. Legally, these practices were enforced through regulations and policies that mandated gender segregation in various public venues, such as restaurants, cafes, and other establishments.
The Saudi gender segregation was removed from the law at the end of 2019 as part of the reforms initiated with Vision 2030. This initiative aims to empower women by expanding their roles in various sectors, encouraging their presence in public spaces, modernizing and opening Saudi society.
Today, in Riyadh's new buses, there is still a discrete separation between families and single men. The metro – launched in December 2024 - operates with first and second-class systems (like in Dubai and Doha’s metros) and with a family section, maintaining socio-economic and gender segregation. However, segregation is now optional, allowing females and their families to decide for themselves.
Despite these advancements, the degree of gender inclusiveness varies significantly across the region, reflecting the diverse cultural and religious contexts. While some countries embrace more inclusive practices, changes in culture and use of public space take time and will continue to pose a major challenge to be addressed in the Middle East.
Furthermore, to live together harmoniously in our cities, integration and diversity must be a multifaceted effort that goes beyond mere physical infrastructure. It is essential to develop robust and inclusive public services, transportation networks, and housing solutions that cater to the diverse needs of all residents.
However, true integration also requires nurturing a culture of inclusivity, where the mentality and ideas of openness and acceptance are actively promoted. This involves creating an atmosphere where diversity is celebrated, and different cultural backgrounds are respected and valued. By fostering such an environment, cities can ensure that the ambiance is one where everyone feels welcome and can thrive.
